Gas-burner for bake-ovens



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. W. BATES.

GAS BURNER FOR BAKE OVBNS.

N0. 439,572. Patented OG'G. 28, 189. Figi- WITNEEEEE I M l I ffffwmy TH: News penas cu, murcfuwov. wnsmwnruu. u4 c,

(No Model.) J' W' BATES. 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. GAS BURNER FOR BAKE OVENS. No. 439,572. Patented Oct. 28,1890.

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(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3. J. W. BATES.

GAS BURNER POB, BAKE OVENS.

No. 439,572. Patented Oct. Z8, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEicE.

JOHN WV. BATES, OF HOBOKEN, NEV JERSEY.

GAS-BU RN ER FOR BAKE-OVEN S.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 439,572, dated October 28, 1890. Application filed October 15,1889. Serial No. 327,140. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BATES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of.

Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners for Bake- Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of improvements in the contrivances of gas-burners for heating bake-ovens, the objects of which are to provide simpler and at the same time more effective burners for such ovens, all as hereinafter fully described, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which I have, for the purpose of more fully explaining the purposes and advantages of my burner aswell as its construction, represented in considerable detail a form of oven to which it is more especially adapted; but I do not claim in this application any of the features of the oven. l

Figure lis a transverse sectional elevation of the oven, the section being taken near the front end on line 0c 0c, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the combustionchainber on line y y, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation on line w w, Fig. 2. Figl is a horizontal section through the baking-chamber on line .e z, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the receiving end of the burner on line i) i), Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a front end elevation of the receiving end of the burner. Fig. 7 represents the burner partly in plan view and partly in horizontal section, with a mixing attachment for more effectually combining and mixing the gas and air.

For the structure of the oven the vertical metallic angle corner-posts c and intermediate I-posts b are used, with suitable inverted- T girders c in three tiers to support the roof d, oven-floor c, and the floor f of the combiistion-chamber g, said girders being supported at the ends on the angle-bars h, attached to the inner sides of the posts. The roof-girders are preferably bent upward between the ends to produce the arched shape seen in Fig. 1, and they are arranged higher along the middle portion than at the ends in the other direction to produce the arched longitudinal shape seen in Fig. 3. Between the posts the spaces are filled with bricks c, set edgewise and secured at the posts between the iianges to stay them laterally, and -outside a thin jacket of sheet metal ,y is applied, preferably screwed or riveted onto the flanges of the posts. It may be applied by means of narrow sheets fitted between the posts inside of the flanges and confined by the bricks subsequently'laid from the inside of the oven.

Around the extremities of the oven-floor are passages for the escape of the gases of combustion from the combustion-chamber, with partitions c, extending nearly to the roof of the oven, for protect-ing the bakingspace from the gases, and the necessary iiues l are also provided in the roof for discharge of said gases from the oven, preferably employing two at the front end and extending them nearly to the oven-floor, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 3, so that the gases .will be prevented from iowing over the partitions 7e into the baking-space.

The floors are filled between the girders with light tiles fr, supported on the flanges of the inverted-T girders, and the tiles of the oven-floor are covered by a metal sheet y. For the burners in such an oven I employ the gas and air receiving and mixing or combining tube m, having an open and preferably funnel-mouth n, located near the front end of the combustion-chamber and receiving the gas from a main o by a nozzle p, discharging into said funnel-mouth, so as to induce an inflow of air in the manner of the Bunsen burner, said mixing and combining tube extending horizontally along the combustion-chamber nearly to the other end and then connecting by the T-head q, from which a couple of perforated tubes s extend forward alongside a little distance from and in the horizontal plane of said mixing and combining tube nearly to the front of the combustion-space, the perforations bein g in the sides of said tubes to project the jets issuing from them laterally to produce broad flames horizontally, as indicated in Fig. 2, for heating the whole space to best advantage, and particularly so that the flame projected from one of said perforated tubes toward the other will converge O11 the mixing and combining tube and effec'lllly heat the combustible elements preparat01`3T UO better combustion at the issues. In this @Kam- IOO ple I represent three of these burners about equally distributed in the space between the sides of the oven, which is about the best arrangement for an oven of ordinary size; but more or less may be employed, according to the sizes of the oven and the burners.

Good results may be had of course with only one perforated tube 3 to each mixing and combining' tube, and I propose to so construct the burners for ovens of more limited capacity; but for best effects I will employ the two perforated tubes to the one mixing and combining tube, and for more effectually combining and mixing the air I will in some cases construct said tube with one or more, preferably two, converters, Fig. 7, consisting of a tube b of larger dimensions than tube m, and of suitable length, introduced and constituting a mixing-chamberbetween separated sections of said tubem and made tightby suitable couplings a', with the supplying-section of said tube m extended nearly the whole length of said chamber and capped at the inner end c' and finely perforated at d for diverting the course and distributing the mixed gas and air in iine jets, by which the mixture will be more intimate than when passing along the straight uninterrupted course of the plain tube nl.. I prefer, as above stated, to employ two of these converters at suitable points along the combining-tube nl., as I have shown in the drawings, but may of course employ more or only one, as preferred. The main o extends along the front of the several burners and has a nozzle to supply gas to each,with a stopcock t to control the same.

The front wall u of the oven has an opening t' in front of eachY funnel-mouth of a burner for the supply of air thereto, which openings will in practice have the usual register for controlling the amount of air admitted.

I am aware that various hydrocarbonburners, gas-generating apparatus, and gas producing and burning apparatus have been arranged in a general way of extending the pipes forward and backward along the firebox for heating the contents before discharging at the burner, consisting of a tube having numerous perforations along it for the burnerissues, and I do not claim this general arrangement.

I am also aware of the Patent No. 286,301 for a gas-burner in which there is a coil of pipe circulating in the furnace to heat the air and another to heat the gas prior to being mixed before entering the furnace-chamber to the burner, which consists of a perforated pipe extending directly into the furnace a short distance, which is an elaborate and materially different structure.

The object of my invention is stated to be to provide a simpler burner than such as heretofore made, as well as more effective, and the construction consists of the simple air-pipe open to the atmosphere at the mouth of the furnace with a gas-nozzle discharging into it thereat and extended backward into the furnace and thence forward and having the issues in the forwardly-projecting part, which construction is much cheaper and silnpler than such as have been used before, and is, as I have found in practical experiments, more effective, and it Vproduces a cheap and practically feasible burner for bake-ovens, for which it is more especially intended.

I claim as my invention- The improved gas-burnerconsisting of the mixing and combining tube having the open mouth at the front endthe nozzle ofthe gassupplytube injecting gas and air into said mouth, one or more converters along said tube consisting of the perforated extension of the supply-section of the tube discharging within the larger receiving-chamber of the next section of said tube and one or more tubes connected with the rear end of said mixing and combining tube and extending forward along the same and having perforations in the sides, causing laterally-projecting jets, said jets at one side impinging on the mixing and combining tube.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my naine, in presence of two witnesses, this 25th day 0f September, 1839.

JOHN W. BATES. lVitnesses:

WILFRED B. EARLL, W. J. MORGAN. 

